Arrow Function in JavaScript – Square Root of Array Elements

📌 INTRODUCTION

Arrow functions are one of the most important features introduced in ES6 (ECMAScript 2015). They provide a shorter syntax and are widely used in modern JavaScript, especially in React and functional programming.

In this program, we will learn how to:

• Use arrow functions
• Work with arrays
• Apply the map() function
• Calculate square roots of elements

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📘 PROBLEM STATEMENT

👉 Write a program using arrow function to find square root of elements of an array.

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💡 CONCEPTS USED

• Arrow Functions (=>)
• Array methods (map())
• Math functions (Math.sqrt())

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🧠 LOGIC EXPLANATION

1. Create an array of numbers
2. Use map() to iterate over each element
3. Apply Math.sqrt() to each element
4. Store and display the result

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💻 PROGRAM CODE

const numbers = [4, 9, 16, 25, 36];

// Arrow function with map()
const squareRoots = numbers.map(num => Math.sqrt(num));

console.log("Original Array:", numbers);
console.log("Square Roots:", squareRoots);

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🖥️ OUTPUT

Original Array: [4, 9, 16, 25, 36]
Square Roots: [2, 3, 4, 5, 6]

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🔍 STEP-BY-STEP EXPLANATION

• numbers.map() → loops through each element
• num => Math.sqrt(num) → arrow function calculates square root
• Result is stored in squareRoots array

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⚡ ALTERNATIVE METHOD (WITHOUT ARROW FUNCTION)

const numbers = [4, 9, 16, 25];

const result = numbers.map(function(num) {
  return Math.sqrt(num);
});

console.log(result);

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🎯 WHY ARROW FUNCTIONS ARE IMPORTANT

• Shorter syntax
• Cleaner and readable code
• Widely used in React (hooks, components)
• No need for function keyword

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📚 REAL-WORLD USE CASE

• Data transformation in APIs
• Processing arrays in React apps
• Handling numerical datasets

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❓ VIVA QUESTIONS (IMPORTANT)

Q1. What is an arrow function?

👉 A concise way to write functions in JavaScript using =>.

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Q2. What is map() used for?

👉 It transforms each element of an array and returns a new array.

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Q3. Difference between arrow function and normal function?

👉 Arrow functions have shorter syntax and no this binding.

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Q4. What does Math.sqrt() do?

👉 It returns the square root of a number.

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Q5. Does map() modify original array?

👉 No, it returns a new array.

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🔗 RELATED POSTS

👉 Complete MCA 168 Lab Programs List (link your main post here)

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📌 CONCLUSION

This program helps you understand how arrow functions simplify JavaScript code and how powerful array methods like map() can be.

👉 Practice this program multiple times — it is very commonly asked in exams and interviews.

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